Calcium (Ca) - Element 20 | Properties & Electron Configuration

What is Calcium?

Calcium (Ca) is element 20, a alkaline earth metal in period 4, group 2. Its electron configuration is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s².

Atomic Number20
SymbolCa
Atomic Mass40.078 u
CategoryAlkaline Earth Metal
Period4
Group2
Blocks
Electron Configuration1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s²
Short Config[Ar] 4s²
Electronegativity1
Atomic Radius180 pm
Ionization Energy590 kJ/mol
Electron Affinity2 kJ/mol
Phase (STP)Solid

Electron Configuration

The full electron configuration of Calcium is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s². In noble gas shorthand, this is written as [Ar] 4s².

Calcium is a s-block element in group 2, period 4.

Periodic Trends

Electronegativity: Calcium has a Pauling electronegativity of 1. Within group 2, electronegativity generally decreases down the group.

Atomic Radius: 180 pm. Across period 4, atomic radius generally decreases left to right as nuclear charge increases.

Ionization Energy: 590 kJ/mol. Ionization energy generally increases across a period and decreases down a group.

View all 118 elements with trend overlays for electronegativity, atomic radius, ionization energy, and electron affinity.

Explore Calcium on the Interactive Periodic Table

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