Butane vs Isobutane - Isomer Relationship

What is the relationship between Butane and Isobutane?

Same molecular formula (C₄H₁₀) but different connectivity. Butane is a straight chain; isobutane is branched.

Molecule AButane (C₄H₁₀)
Molecule BIsobutane (C₄H₁₀)
Relationship Typeconstitutional
Difficultybeginner

Introduction

Two molecules with the same formula but different structures. Are they the same compound?

Formula Comparison

Both molecules have the formula C₄H₁₀ — 4 carbons and 10 hydrogens. Same formula means they could be isomers.

Connectivity Analysis

Butane has a straight chain: C–C–C–C. Isobutane has a branched structure: one central carbon bonded to three others. The bonding sequence is different.

Spatial Relationship

Since the connectivity is different, we don’t need to check spatial arrangement. Different connectivity = constitutional isomers.

Chirality Check

Neither molecule has a chiral center. Both are achiral.

Classification

These are constitutional isomers (also called structural isomers). Same formula, different connectivity.

Side-by-side 3D comparison with sync rotation, difference highlighting, and guided classification.

Compare Butane and Isobutane in 3D

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