Is Calcium Fluoride (CaF2) Ionic or Covalent?
Is Calcium Fluoride (CaF2) ionic or covalent?
CaF2 (fluorite) has one of the largest EN differences possible. Calcium transfers 2 electrons (one to each fluorine), forming Ca2+ and two F- ions.
| Formula | CaF2 |
| Name | Calcium Fluoride |
| Bond Type | Ionic |
| EN Values | Ca: 1, F: 3.98 |
| EN Difference | 2.98 |
| Electron Behavior | Transfer |
| Melting Point | 1418 C (very high) |
| Conductivity | Conducts when molten |
| Solubility | Slightly soluble in water |
| Key Concept | Largest EN difference with 1:2 stoichiometry |
Overview
Calcium fluoride (fluorite) is found naturally as a mineral. Calcium bonds ionically with two fluorine atoms.
Electronegativity Analysis
Ca has an EN of 1.00, F has 3.98. The difference of 2.98 is one of the largest possible, making this highly ionic.
Electron Behavior
Calcium transfers its two valence electrons, one to each fluorine atom, forming Ca2+ and two F- ions.
Physical Properties
CaF2 has a very high melting point (1418 C) and forms a crystal lattice. It is used in optics and as a flux in steelmaking.
See electronegativity values, partial charges, and bond character on interactive 3D molecules.
Visualize Calcium Fluoride's Bonding in 3DRelated Topics
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